Construction and mounting of the cylinder of a double-acting two-acting two-stroke motor



. LUGT FIG 2 nf E F' IGA.

June 26, 1928.

G. J CONSTRUCTION AND MOUNTING OF THE CYLINDER OF A DOUBLE ACTING TWO-STROKE MOTOR Filed Jan. 17, 1925 FiG.1.

ramas am@ ze, 192s.

UNTED STATES raum PATENT ori-uca.

GERARD JOHAN LUGT, F .MSTERDANL NETHERLANDS, ASSIGNOR TONAAMLOZE- VENNOOTSCHAP NEDERLA'NDSCHE FABRIEK VAN WERKTUIGEN EN SPOORWEG- Inmarsat. caimano waaxsroon, comm.

OF AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, AVDUTOB CONSTRUCTION AND MOUNTING 0F THE CYLINDER 0F A DOUBLE-ACTING TWO-STRG MOTOR.

Application tiled January 17, 1925, Serial No.

My invention relates to double-acting twost'roke internal combustion engines.

A. double-acting two-stroke englne should fullill, intervalia, the following conditions:

(1) The cylinder barrel should have freedom of expansion;

y (2) Tensile stresses in the materlal of the cylinder barrel should be avoided, especially when said barrel is weakened by the presence l1@ of scavenging and outlet ports;

' (3) Distortion of the c linder barrel o wing to the considerable di erencebetween the temperatures of the part containing the outlet ports and and o the opposed part con- 1l@ taining the' scavenging ports should` be avoided; y (4) Expansion of the cylinder lbarre shouldl/not aect the adjustment of the valve mechanism;

a@ j Theinteimediate central part of the barrel, i. e. that portion, which contains the outlet and the scavenging ports should be easily removable.

The cylinder construction embodymg the present invention fully meets these conditions. 4

The annexed more or less diagrammatic' drawing illnstratesone embodiment of the invention, my principle of which can only be clearly explained by a detailed description'of said embodiment in the drawing.

4 Fig.- 1 is a4 diagrammatic side elevation'of a double acting vertical two-stroke engme embodying the invention; j

Fig. 2 is a vertical central section through one of the engine cylinders, drawn to an enlar ed scale; I

, lig ig. 3 shows in section means for sealing the joint betweenv adjacent parts of the cylinder barrel;

*Fi 4 is a diagram of the water circulation of the outlet ports.

The body of ,the engineis composed of three main parts: a bed plate with crank case i, and two cylinder Ajackets 2 and 3.- Securw to Ythejacket 2 by means of bolts 5 (Fig. 2) is the bottom cyllnder cover 4, and secured to the jacket 3 by means of bolts 6 is a cap 8, which serves to clamp the cover' 1U and a ring 9 on the t'g edge of the upper vcylinder barrel part. e jackets 2 and 3 are spaced apart by hollow columns 11 and land downwardly within 3, respectively. The sealing of the joints loetween the said barrel parts and their jacketsl together as at 21, lso that -many cases it' will suilice to l struction illustrated 2,273, and in the Netherlands March B, 1924.

are supported through hollow columns 12 by the crank case 1the long bolts shown as ex-y tending from the top lof jacket 3 to the bottom face of the .bed said parts together. l

The end arts 13 and 14 of the cylinder barrel are ree to axially expand upwardly their jackets 2 and does not oifer any special dilliculty. Mount- .ed intermediate the jackets 2 and 3 is an indivldually water jacketed annular piece 17 "provided with scavenging air ports 18 and with outlet ports 19.l The part 17 has both in its upper and in its bottom faceacircular groove (Fig. 3) to receive centering 'collars and 16 of the end barrel parts 14 and '13, a small clearance 20 between the collar vand the bottom of the groove allowing of rfree axial expansion both of the end parts 13 14 and of the central annular part 17. 'lhe latter comprises two halves axially joined exhaust half of the annulus which is heated to a higher temperature than the other half containlng the scavenging airports, cannot appreciably exceed those in said other half. oreover, a part composed of two halves is easy to handle, which is vof special importance, since the barrel Kpart containing the scavenging a1r ports an Y subjected to the heaviest wear and tear and should, therefore,- be easy of removal.` In

y plane the flanges forming. the joints 21 and to turn the halves to the original cylinder diameter.

To avoid leakage throu h the joint 20 and the circular groove, I pretgerably use the conm Flg. 3. Encirclin'g the centering collar 1 5, which slidably fits the circular of suitable packing material, said ring bei clam ed in position by a toroidal rubber tube plate serving to hold the strains in the 1 the outlet ports is groove of part 17, is a ring 22 23 t rough which circulates water under pressure entering and leaving through pipes 24. This hydraulic pressure on the packing tube may be' coated with an insulating material, for instance, asbestos fabric.

` with a combustion chamber 25, having, inter alia, a scavenging air valve 26 for expelling the combustion gases from the/combustion chamber 25 whic as will be seen, cannot be readily suiciently washed by the air enter ing through the ports 18. y

Fig. 4 1s a diagrammatic illustration of the water cooling arrangement for the exhaust half of vlart 17. As shown, the bars between the ex aust ports are provided with passages 27 for the circulation of cooling water. In order that choking up of a passage or breakage of a bar may immediately manifest itself, the ring is so formed that the water flows successively through the various passages 27 as indicated by arrows.

As will be perceived an important feature of the invention is, that the cylinder barrelis composed of three separateparts, the outer arts being secured with their ends to the rame and to the central part, containing scavenging and exhaust ports, and being provided on bothsides with an expansion joint between the cylinder space and the atmospherel The lower part' of the cylinder barrel can, indeed, be said to be secured to the frame by means of it-s cover. It is of importance that the cylinder ends be secured as rigidly as possible. With such an arrangement, the whole interior wall of the cylinder can freely expand without impairing thel correct guiding of the piston.

Another feature of the invention is, that eachJ barrel portion has its individual water jacket. v v l Still another feature of the invention, is, that the intermediate central part is divided in such a manner that the exhaust ports andthe scavenging air ports are provided in separate parts thereof, for in this case expansion by heat is not capable of causing dangerous stresses. rllhis division of the intermediate central part allows of openinm the cylinder without even touching the distributing gear, provided, of course, that the frame has the required openings. When .the intermediate central part has been reremesa moved, the c linder and the piston can be inspected an the piston rings can be renewed.

The intermediate central part could, of desired, be made as an integral piece and nevertheless be adapted for easy removal. In that case all that would be required would be the lifting oi the upper barrel part through a small distance to clear the way for the central part.

The expansion joints are located at places at which no excessive gas pressures 'can occur.

Apacking in the form of a tube adapted other liquid, under pressure is of considerable value in connection with a compound cylinder, the constituent parts of which have freedom of appreciable relative displacement, especially in view of the fact that said tube can easily be made so that it does not in the least impair the fitting and the removal 0f the intermediate part. tube is at the same time used for exerting permanent pressure on the packing material provided between the cylinder barrel parts adapted to slide along one another, perfect tightness of the joints is ensured.

1. In a double-acting two stroke engine, a frame, a composite cylinder comprising two end sections secured to said frame, a

to be expanded and cooled by water, or anv If said free intermediate section, expansion joints the exhaust 4. ln combination 'with'- the structure claimed in claim 1, cooling means for each section.

lln testimony whereof l ax `my signatureportions, one portion having GERARD Jorian LUe'r. j 

